Iran (Persia): The Country

The Alborz Mountain Range with its highest peak Damavand
towers majestically above the capital city: Tehran

( Photo by N. Kasraian )

Always known as Iran to its people, the country for centuries was referred to as Persia by the Europeans. Both names are widely used today. Its position as a vast natural fortress, with mountain ranges, enabled the Persians to preserve their individuality in spite of the conquests by the Arabs (7^th century), the Turks (10^th century), and the Mongols (13^th to 15^th centuries).

Today, Iran remains a country rich in traditions, very hospitable, home to ancient cities, labyrinthine bazaars, and elegant mosques. Its culture has had a great influence on other countries, both in Central Asia, and throughout the world.

The following chapters provide an insight into the geography, agriculture,
flora and fauna, and the different peoples within Iran:

THE LAND

THE PEOPLE

MAP OF IRAN

MAP OF THE PROVINCES